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Should Intelligent Design be taught in schools?
I don't see why not.
Many people in the UK believe in Intelligent Design (that is, they don't believe in modern evolutionary theory), 51% according to one report. This in itself is a good reason to expect children at least to be familiar with the term and what it means.
They should learn about some of the arguments for ID (i.e., the arguments against modern evolutionary theory), and why most scientists reject those arguments.
They should use it to learn something about the sociology of science, and how ideas gain acceptance by the scientific community (or not, in this case).
They should use it to learn something about the philosophy of science, relating the pursuit of knowledge through the sciences to the pursuit of knowledge by other means, and applying that to ID.
And since the language in which the discussion about ID is conducted is the language of science, it should be the science teachers primarily who teach about ID.
Now have I said something controversial…?
(Of course, this wouldn't work in the USA, since they have a strange principle called the "separation of church and state", or something like that. Whatever it's called, this is what it seems to mean: public resources shall not be used to expose anyone to any argument that might be expected to lead to the adoption of any belief generally rejected by secular humanists. Now, secular humanists generally don't believe in an Intelligent Designer, so this means public schools cannot criticise modern evolutionary theory, because rejecting modern evolutionary theory generally leads to belief in an Intelligent Designer.)
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I live in York and I
about 2 years ago
That report actually states "8% of the total sample are IDs, meaning they favoured Intelligent Design over other options and also judged it definitely or probably true." (page 13)
I would discourage ID in schools on the basis that it is not a validated or predictive theory, whereas, evidence for evolution can be found and does, in fact, exist.
The report does however reveal that faith (but clearly not creationism) is not incompatible with belief in Darwinian theory, and that people can hold a consistent view of both.
about 2 years ago
It would be a good idea if philosophy itself was taught in schools. This has been neglected in Britain for a long time, probably for a over century (I haven't the figures to hand).
Every subject has a philosophy which both informs the subject and challenges its assumptions. The problem with the ID vs evolution debate is that the debate is not about science per se, but about what counts as science. This is not a question answerable within science at all: it is a question answerable when thinking about the philosophy of science. Many people are unaware of this. This is mainly due to almost all schooling to age 18 in Britain providing a readymade philosophical framework for each subject, without ever asking the child to justify that framework, or even telling them what the framework is. Our young adults are therefore philosophically ignorant: they do not know what philosophy is, or what it is for.
Were philosophy taught properly in schools then it is likely that both sides of the argument would fear the other side less. They would all know that philosophically aware pupils were able to challenge the presuppositions of each subject for themselves, and were provided with a safety net against nonsensical thinking and indoctrination.
Also, what I like here is that I have not needed to state my own view on ID vs evolution! And I don't need to, thats not the point. I can guarantee though, that having thought about the question of origins in depth, I don't believe the world rests on tortoises, who may or may not be partially responsible for creation/nature (does anyone?!). That third option has too great philosophical problems. Both ID and evolution have less problems than tortoises. So I believe my philosophy is, to this extent, informed. I would love young adults to have a similar philosophical benefit of informed thinking, having considered carefully all sides of a debate within their own philosophical framework, and having considered their own framework too.
about 2 years ago
Leon - thanks. I haven't read the report, of course. But it does give both the 8% and the 51% figures in different contexts, the latter on p. 12. Here it is:
http://campaigndirector.moodia.com/Client/Theos/Files/FaithandDarwin.pdf
Dave - absolutely!
about 2 years ago
As long as it's not in science lessons -- ID is a belief and not science. Fine in religious studies or philosophy of science (I agree with Dave), but teaching something that is driven by belief and not by scientific measurement goes against everything science stands for.
(subjectively, my opinion FWIW: an omnipotent God is perfectly capable of guiding evolution in the way He wants. Evolution is proven and pushing ID is damaging to both Christianity and Science.)
about 2 years ago
Edwin - I find this comment by Nicholas Wolterstorff helpful:
So I think the idea that you can restrict the content of science lessons to only science, without a drop of philosophy, history, sociology, etc., doesn't really make sense, and wouldn't be desirable even if it were possible. If the conversation about ID takes place within the context and in the language of the scientific tradition, which it does, then those teachers who have been immersed in that tradition are best equipped to address it.
Of course I'm not saying they should teach that ID is correct; on the contrary, it should be discussed warts and all. Similarly, I would suggest that homeopathy should be on the science curriculum, so that no one leaves school without learning that it is complete nonsense. There is such a thing as pseudoscience and bad science, but there's no need to expect RE (or even PE) teachers to explain those, rather than the science teachers, just because they are not true.
about 2 years ago
OK, I'll buy that! I guess there's an argument to be had about the place of history and philosophy of science in science lessons, but definitely context is required. I'd certainly agree that one of the points of education is to understand things like ID and homeopathy and what relationship they have to science...
I'd go a step further than saying you "shouldn't teach that ID is correct" though -- if it is taught, it shouldn't even be represented as an alternative hypothesis to evolution, but as a philosophical example related to the scientific method.
about 2 years ago
Well I think to persuade the UK Government to put ID into science classes you will need to show that it is science.
Any ideas on how to do that?
about 2 years ago
I'm not sure I would take that approach... (re-)read what I wrote above and on http://www.anthonysmith.me.uk/2010/11/23/is-intelligent-design-science/
about 2 years ago
You are arguing that ID should be taught in schools as a lesson in sociology, philosophy, and language of science. That just seems so horribly disingenuous. Those concepts can be taught, and often are, in many ways. Any pseudo science will suffice.
The example I was taught concerned flat-earth proponents in an appropriate Philosophy of Science class. Introducing ID into a science curriculum for lessons in philosophy suggests a back-door hidden agenda. If it can not walk through the front door of a science class room on its merits as a science then so be it.
There is a finite - and sadly small - amount of time for science instruction. Public schools are not the place for debates on every pseudo science that comes along. There is simply not enough time to teach even the most widely accepted science topics.
Lack of honesty, of intention or of science, is a very bad place to start.
about 2 years ago
Hi Mark,
I'm arguing that ID should be taught for its own sake, because it is something people in our society should know about. As an added bonus, it can be used to teach something about philosophy and sociology of science etc.
I would make the same argument for homeopathy, astrology, etc. (Surely part of the reason homeopathy is so popular is that people learned too little about it at school, rather than too much?)
Of course, as you say, time is limited, so there might not be space for discussion about ID. I don't pretend to have addressed that difficult question. My answer to the question in the title is "I don't see why not", or yes in principle, but I wouldn't feel comfortable in going too much further than that.
about 2 years ago
The problem with teaching ID in schools is the lack of curriculum time. Why don't we also teach astrology, numerology, etc. There are lots of people who believe in these systems.
I certainly think the science should be taught in a way that student learn about how science works and not just a factual approach. I think that an historical approach would most likely have this outcome.